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1. MVT Intro

MVC Introduction

Django follows the MTV (Model-Template-View) pattern, which is similar to MVC (Model-View-Controller) but with different terminology.

MVC (Traditional)	MTV (Django)	Description
Model	Model	Handles data and database queries.
View	Template	Manages the presentation layer (HTML, CSS).
Controller	View (in Django)	Processes user requests and interacts with models.

Where is the Controller in Django?

In Django, the Controller role is handled by the View (views.py).

1. Example: Django View as Controller

Consider a basic Django view that acts as a controller:

1️⃣ Define the Model (`models.py`)

from django.db import models

class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    author = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    published_date = models.DateField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

2️⃣ Create the Controller (View) in `views.py`

from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Book

def book_list(request):
    books = Book.objects.all()  # Fetching data from the model
    return render(request, 'book_list.html', {'books': books})  # Sending data to the template

Here, book_list() acts as the Controller:

Handles the request (request object).
Fetches data from the Model (Book.objects.all()).
Passes data to the Template (book_list.html).

3️⃣ Add URL Mapping (`urls.py`)

from django.urls import path
from .views import book_list

urlpatterns = [
    path('books/', book_list, name='book_list'),
]

URL Dispatcher (urls.py) acts as a router, directing requests to the appropriate Controller (view).

4️⃣ Create the Template (`templates/book_list.html`)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Book List</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Available Books</h1>
    <ul>
        {% for book in books %}
            <li>{{ book.title }} by {{ book.author }} ({{ book.published_date }})</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>
</body>
</html>

The Template only handles the presentation logic.